The United States Defends the Han Country
Han was the younger brother of the " imperialist camp " led by the United States. When the younger brother was beaten, he cried to his older brother, the United States, for help. The younger brother was beaten, and as the older brother, the United States could not ignore it. Therefore, the United States carried out three aspects of work at the same time to protect Han's little brother.
The first task was to complain to the Soviet Union.
North Korea was the younger brother of the " socialistic camp " led by the Soviet Union. The United States requested the Soviet Union to control the younger brother of North Korea, stop North Korea's attack on Han, and withdraw its troops north of the 38th parallel.
The Soviet Union ignored the United States 'complaint. The United States ambassador to the Soviet Union asked to see the Soviet foreign minister, but the Soviet foreign minister hid and refused to meet him. The United States had been given the cold shoulder by the Soviet Union.
Back then, the Chinese had boasted to the Soviet Union that they would take down Han in three days and unify North Korea. The Soviet Union was waiting for North Korea to defeat Han and unify North Korea. Then, he would show his face and speak.
The second was to complain to the United Nations.
On June 24, 1950 (Eastern Time), when the news of the outbreak of the Korean War reached the United States, Secretary of State for Military Affairs Acheson immediately instructed Austin, the U.S. representative to the United Nations, to request an emergency meeting of the Security Council to discuss the situation in North Korea.
On June 25, 1950, the United States submitted a proposal to the United Nations, saying that North Korea had invaded Korea and asked the United Nations to stop North Korea's invasion.
During the discussion of the United States proposal, many countries pointed out: " Invasion " referred to a sovereign country attacking another sovereign country. The war between North Korea and Han was a 'civil war'. It could not be said that North Korea had invaded.
In the absence of the Soviet Union, the United Nations Security Council passed the U.S. resolution with 9 votes in favor, 0 votes against, and 1 vote (with the exception of the Federal Republic of fry). The resolution stated that it was "gravely concerned about the North Korean army's armed attack on the Han country and concluded that this action constituted a breach of peace" and demanded an immediate ceasefire and the withdrawal of North Korean troops to the area north of the 38th parallel.
Although there was no mention of North Korea's " invasion," the United Nations determined that North Korea had provoked the war and destroyed the peace.
The Chinese government was fighting hard and ignored the United Nations resolution. He continued to attack.
The United States noticed that the North Korean authorities had neither ceased fire nor withdrawn their armed forces to the 38th parallel, so they complained to the United Nations.
On June 27, 1950, at the request of the United States, the United Nations Security Council held another meeting. In the absence of the Soviet Union, with 7 votes in favor, 1 vote against, and 2 votes abstaining (Egypt, India), the new proposal proposed by the United States was adopted. The proposal was as follows:
Taking note of the report of the United Nations Committee on North Korea that the North Korean authorities have neither ceased fire nor withdrawn their armed forces to the 38th parallel and the urgent request for military measures to restore international peace and security, it is recommended that: The member states of the United Nations provide such necessary assistance to the Han country to stop the armed attack and restore peace and security in the region.
On July 7, 1950, the United Nations Security Council formally discussed the proposal drafted by the United States government, which was formally submitted to the Security Council by the representatives of the United Kingdom and France. In the absence of the Soviet Union, the resolution was passed with 7 votes in favor, 0 votes against, and 3 votes (India, Egypt, and Serbia) abstaining. The resolution states:
(1) Welcome the governments of the United Nations member states to assist the Han country in defending against armed attacks;
(2) All countries that provide military forces and other assistance are recommended to hand over these forces and other assistance to a unified command under the command of the United States.
(3) Request the United States to send the commander of this force.
(4) The unified command is authorized to use the flag of the United Nations in addition to the flags of the participating countries when the North Korean forces fight.
(5) Requires the United States to provide appropriate reports to the Security Council on actions taken under the unified command.
To put it bluntly, the resolution of the United Nations on July 7th was to form a " United Nations Army " to help Han fight North Korea. The United States was authorized to command this " United Nations Army."
On July 8, * Led by the United States, there were 16 countries participating in the " United Nations Army ", including the United Kingdom, Australia, new Zealand, the Netherlands, Canada, Thailand, France, Turkey, the Phillipines, Greece, belgium, colombia, ethiopia, the federation of South Africa, and luxemburg.
Other than the United States, which often maintained seven divisions of ground forces, more than 1000 combat aircraft, and 300 warships, most other countries only sent one brigade, one battalion, one platoon, and one air squadron.
Apart from the US army that invaded North Korea on the second day of the outbreak of the Korean War, the troops of other countries began to enter North Korea in August 1950 and arrived in North Korea in May 1951 at the latest.
When the United Nations discussed the Korean War, the Soviet Union did not attend. After the United Nations resolution was issued, the Soviet government sent a letter to the United Nations Secretary General Lie, stating that the Security Council resolution on North Korea was "illegal" and "without legal effect."
North Korea and the Eastern European allies of the Soviet Union also issued a statement, declaring that the "discussion and decision of the United Nations Security Council on the North Korea issue was illegal"!
Third, the United States sent troops to help Han and attack North Korea.
On the night after the Korean Civil War broke out on June 25th, President Truman held a meeting at the Breyer Building in Washington. Thirteen senior officials in charge of national military and diplomatic affairs attended the meeting.
Eight people from the Department of Defense attended the meeting: Secretary of Defense John Xun, Secretary of the Army Frank Lampers, Secretary of the Navy Francis Matthew, Secretary of the Air Force Thomas Fenlett, Chief of Staff of the Army, Navy and Air Force Lawton Collins, Forrest Sherman, and Hodley. ** Attending the meeting was Acheshire, Omar Bradley.
On the French side, Acheson, Webb, Rusk, Hickson, and Philip Jasper (the latter was the secretary of records) attended the meeting.
The meeting began in a tense atmosphere. First, he asked Dean Acheson to read out the first report he had received from the American ambassador in Korea:
According to reports from the North Korean army, North Korean troops had already invaded several strongholds in South Korea this morning.……North Korean troops, with tanks as the vanguard, were said to be approaching Chunchon. The details of the battle in the Gangneung area are unclear, but it seems that the North Korean forces have cut off the road. This morning, I was having a meeting with the advisors of the North Korean Military Advisor Group and North Korean officials to study the current situation.
Judging from the nature of the attack and the way it was launched, it seemed to be an all-out attack on South Korea.
General Bradley then read out a MacArthur's memorandums, which he had brought back from the Far East the day before.
MacArthur's memorandums claimed that Taiwan was an "unsinkable aircraft carrier and submarine supply ship" and that if it was handed over to an unfriendly regime,"it would be a huge disaster for the United States."
MacArthur expressed his willingness, even eagerness, to visit Taiwan and conduct an investigation to determine the "requirements and limits of military assistance" needed to defend the island from invasion.
After some discussion, Truman finalized the following instructions and orders: Quickly provide weapons, ammunition, and supplies to the rebels. The US Air Force and Navy in the Far East were supporting the rebel forces. The United States Seventh Fleet entered the Taiwan Strait.
After announcing the order, Truman added,"The U.S. Air Force must immediately develop a plan to destroy all the air forces in the Far East.”
At the end of the meeting, Truman instructed the participants to keep their mouths shut and not reveal it to the press, even if the background was not allowed.
On June 27, * Truman issued a statement announcing that the US Navy and Air Force were supporting the South Korean army, saying that he had ordered the US Air Force in the Far East to provide "cover and support" to the South Korean army.
On June 30, Truman ordered the US ground forces stationed in Japan to be sent to the Korean battlefield to support Korea.
From the outbreak of the Korean Civil War on Sunday, June 25 to Friday, June 30, the United States took three major steps before the United Nations Army was formed.
First, attack the North Korean People's Army with naval and air forces to directly support the rebel forces.
Second, carry out air strikes on North Korea.
Third, the US Army would send ground troops to the battlefield.
At this point, the nature of the Korean civil war changed. It became a war of aggression by the US imperialists and the Korean people's anti-aggression.
When the Korean War broke out, the total strength of the U.S. Army was reduced after World War II. There were only 591,000 people left, a total of 10 combat divisions.
About 360,000 people were stationed in the United States. The other 230,000 people were stationed overseas. Among them, 150,000 were stationed in the Far East and 80,000 in Europe (in West Germany).
On July 7, Truman ordered the expansion of the army, bringing the total number of the US Army, Navy and Air Force to more than 2 million. The United States was prepared to invade North Korea with greater strength.
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