The messenger of light to mankind
The theme song sang the wind chimes of the years, bringing with it the fragrance of the flower season. The colorful childhood left with a flick of the finger. The golden wheel rolled over the years of youth, and the childish flower season wandered in confusion. After a few twists and turns, I feel melancholy. In the midst of suffering, he walked towards the other shore of maturity. Walking on the long river of youth, dreams far away. Young and frivolous, impetuous and noisy, eager for quick success and instant benefit, this is our commonality. And I was imprisoned in the iron cage of the devil's cave, fantasizing that there was a force in my heart, hoping to fly freely. With the help of God's discerning eyes, he carefully distinguished good from evil. Give me back a pair of bright eyes, searching for the fragrance of the world. Immerse yourself in the dream of youth and search for no direction. Knowing that the result was not satisfactory, he would feel guilty, but he still wasted his time--a lamb that had lost its direction. Talk about how grateful parents, difficult to see Bashu elders. I still want to have the beauty of tomorrow. I hope our youth is not a dream. The lost lamb was looking forward to the colorful spring. Where is the rainbow? Tell me, can you return my wish to me? Why is the sky so dark and all the clouds gathering here? Borrow my wings to fly through the dark maze. Do you have a mask for me? If I say too much, it won't come true. Perhaps time was an antidote. It's also the poison I'm taking now. How can I sleep if I can't see the angel's smile? The angel's shadow is so close, but I'm afraid to step forward. Without Earth, the sun would still revolve. I can leave without reason. Angel, if you want to leave, I know it's very simple. Relying on too much was an obstacle in life. It was still the wings of freedom. The door of happiness was always open, and the green pastures were waving to the lost lambs. I believe that spring is not too far away-that is my love! "What would life be like without electricity?" said the little fly.”" First of all, as a modern person, we won't know the time. We only know day and night. Secondly, we can't play any games except when we were young. It will also affect our work. Which company doesn't use electricity now?" " Hehe, electricity has brought us convenience. Air conditioning, washing machines, fridges, rice cookers, microwave, induction cookers, fans, televisions, necessities of life, entertainment, factories, shops, hospitals, schools, in short, everything that humans rely on to support their entire lives-" Little Fly continued.
The lamp was a great invention for humans to conquer the night. It was invented by the great scientist, Thomas Eden. Before the 19th century, people used oil lamps and candles to illuminate the night. Although this had broken through the night, it still could not completely free humans from the restrictions of the night. Only the birth of the generator allowed humans to use all kinds of electric lights to make the world bright and turn night into day.
Before the invention of electric lights, the commonly used lighting tools were kerosene lamps or gas lamps. This kind of lamp burned kerosene or gas, so it had strong black smoke and a pungent smell. It was also inconvenient to add fuel and scrub the lampshade frequently. What was more serious was that this kind of lamp could easily cause a fire and cause a disaster. For many years, many scientists had tried their best to invent a safe and convenient electric light.
At the beginning of the 19th century, a British mathematician used 2000 batteries and two carbon rods to make the world's first arc lamp. However, this light was too strong and could only be installed on the streets or squares. Ordinary families could not use it. Countless scientists racked their brains to create a cheap and durable household light. The day had finally arrived. On October 21, 1879, an American inventor finally lit the world's first practical electric lamp through long-term trial and error. From then on, the name of this inventor, like the electric light he invented, entered thousands of households. He was the one who was praised by later generations as the "king of inventions", Thomas.
On February 11th, 1847, Thomas Eden was born in the town of Milan in the United States. He had only studied in school for three months in his life, but he was diligent in learning and thinking. He invented and created more than 1000 achievements such as electric lights, phonographs, and movie cameras, making a major contribution to mankind. When he was 12 years old, he was addicted to scientific experiments. After his own self-study and experimentation, he invented an automatic telegram that sent a signal every hour at the age of 16. Later, he invented the automatic ticket counting machine, the first practical typing machine, the double and quadruple telegram, the automatic telephone, and the phonograph. Not satisfied with these inventions, in September 1878, he decided to attack the fortress of electric lighting. He had read a lot of books about electric lighting and was determined to create cheap, durable, safe and convenient electric lights.
He started with the incandescent lamp. A small section of heat-resistant material was placed in a glass bubble. When the current heated it to a white-hot state, it would glow from the heat. The first thing he thought of was charcoal, so he put a small section of charcoal wire into the glass bubble. As soon as the electricity was applied, it immediately broke. "What is the reason?" After a long time, he suddenly remembered," Oh, maybe it's because there's air inside, and the oxygen in the air helps the carbon to burn, causing it to break immediately!”So he used his hand-made air pump to suck out as much air as possible from the glass bubble. As expected, the power did not go out immediately. But eight minutes later, the lights went out. But no matter what, he finally realized: The incandescent lamp was very important in the vacuum state. The key was the carbon thread, which was the crux of the problem. So what kind of heat-resistant material should he choose?
After much thought, Thomas concluded that platinum had the highest melting point and was more resistant to heat! Therefore, Thomas Eden and his assistants tried several times with platinum, but this kind of platinum with a higher melting point, although it made the lamp glow for a long time, it would automatically extinguish and automatically glow from time to time, which was still not ideal. Thomas didn't give up and continued his experiment. He had tried various rare metals such as Ba, Ti, and Gu, but the results were not ideal.
After a while, he made a summary of the previous experimental work and wrote down all the heat-resistant materials he could think of. There were a total of 1600 kinds. Next, he and his assistants categorized the 1600 heat-resistant materials and began to experiment. However, after trying again and again, platinum was still the most suitable. Due to the improved pumping method, the vacuum inside the glass bubble was higher, and the life of the lamp had been extended to two hours. However, this kind of lamp made of platinum was too expensive. Who would be willing to spend so much money to buy an electric lamp that could only last for two hours?
The experimental work fell into a low point, and Thomas was very distressed. On a cold winter day, Thomas sat by the fire and looked at the burning charcoal fire. He couldn't help but mutter to himself,""Tan Tan…"
He had already tried using charcoal to make charcoal sticks. What should he do? Feeling hot all over, he pulled off the scarf around his neck. When he saw the scarf made of cotton yarn, an idea suddenly sprouted in his mind. That's right! The fiber of cotton is better than wood. Can we use this material? He hurriedly tore off a cotton yarn from his scarf and baked it for a long time on the fire. The cotton yarn turned into charred charcoal. He carefully put the carbon wire into the glass bubble and tested it. The effect was indeed very good.
Very happy, Thomas immediately made a lot of carbon threads made of cotton yarn and conducted many experiments. The lifespan of the light cannon was extended by 13 hours, and then it reached 45 hours. Once this news spread, it shook the entire world. This caused the price of London's gas stocks to plummet, and the gas company was in chaos. People had a premonition that lighting gas lamps would soon become a thing of the past, and the future would be the era of electricity.
Everyone congratulated him, but he didn't look happy at all. He shook his head and said,""No, I still have to find other materials!”"What? It's been lit for 45 hours, and it's still not enough?”The assistant asked in surprise. "No! I hope it can last for 1000 hours, 16000 hours is the best!”replied Thomas. Everyone knew that it was good to light up for more than 1000 hours, but what materials were suitable? At this time, Ai Disheng already had an idea in his mind. Based on the nature of the cotton yarn, he decided to look for new materials from plant fibers. Thus, the marathon experiment began again. As long as he could find any plant material, he experimented with it. Even the mane of a horse, human hair, and beard were used as the lamp. In the end, he chose bamboo. Before he started the experiment, he took out a piece of bamboo and looked at it with a microscope. He jumped up in joy. Therefore, after the charcoal was put into the glass bulb, the light bulb lit up for 1200 hours!
This time, Thomas was finally relieved. His assistants congratulated him, but he said seriously,""There are many bamboos around the world, and their structures are different. We should choose carefully!”The assistants were deeply moved by the scientific attitude of Thomas Thomas, and they volunteered to go to various places for inspection. After some comparison, they decided that a type of bamboo produced in Japan was the most suitable, so they imported a large amount of this type of bamboo from Japan. At the same time, he opened a power plant and set up electrical wires. Not long after, the American people began to use this cheap and durable bamboo light bulb. The bamboo lantern had been used for many years. After that, he began to develop the battery. It was very difficult, and his research spirit was even more amazing. This type of battery was used to supply motive power. He and a handpicked assistant had painstakingly studied for nearly ten years, experiencing many hardships and failures. For a moment, he thought he had reached his destination, but in the next moment, he realized that he was wrong. However, he never wavered and started over again. After about 50,000 experiments and writing more than 150 experimental notes, he finally achieved his goal.
It was not until 1906 that Thomas switched to tungsten wire, which improved the quality of the light bulb and has been used until today.
When people turned on the electric lights, they would often think of this great inventor. It was him who brought endless light to the darkness. In 1979, the United States spent millions of dollars to hold a year-long memorial event to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the invention of the electric light by Thomas Thomas Eden. Little Fly commented,"
He was diligent, studious, good at thinking, and worked hard. At the age of 75, he still went to the laboratory on time every day to sign in for work. He worked for more than ten hours a day for decades and read three to five hours in the study at night. If he used the activity time of an ordinary person's life to calculate, his life had been multiplied. Therefore, on his 79th birthday, he proudly told people that he was already 135 years old. He lived to be 84 years old and had invented 1100 inventions in his life. His greatest contributions were the invention of the phonograph and the automatic telegram, and the experiment and improvement of incandescent lamps and the telephone. In his early 20s, he began to study electric lamps. It lasted for more than 10 years. He used bamboo cotton, graphene, tantalum, and thousands of different substances as the lamp material for experiments. He often worked through the night. Once, he and his assistants worked for five days and nights. In 1879, Thomas Eden used a carbon wire as an incandescent lamp and lit it for 40 hours. Due to the fact that the surface of the carbon silk was extremely brittle, its strength was very low. It was soon replaced by tungsten wire. Now, humans should make more reasonable use of strong and weak electricity to benefit the earth and mankind, and realize the original intention of Thomas Evans and Fleming!
This book comes from：m.funovel.com。