Super Engineering
The restoration of the river ecosystem was only carried out to improve the country's production and life faster and to minimize the ecological losses in advance. It could not solve the survival crisis in recent years and the problem of re-employment of 300 to 500 million people after the disaster.
Therefore, in addition to these projects, it was also commendable to continue to maintain the country's support for science and technology in times of turmoil.
For example, the large-scale investment in aerospace, which would always make the country proud, was understandable and gratifying. They also expressed great support for the floating islands planned to be built for the population, land, and industrial production.
Of course, in such a chaotic era and in the face of many unemployed people, if the people were idle and blind, it would be easy to cause greater chaos. In order to make the society stable, it was absolutely feasible to start some projects that people could not easily understand and arrange for an abundant labor force that would never be used up. Currently, the project with the largest amount of work was land reclamation.
This was the current number one project: The goal was to divide the Yellow Sea into two parts, east and west.
This whimsical project was unbelievable to ordinary people. After the project plan was announced on the national network, the competition was raised to the highest level and was considered a super big project. It felt even more shocking than the Star Wars proposed by the Americans in the last century. It was definitely the number one project for humans to transform the earth. The purpose of the project was to build an artificial freshwater sea of 150,000 square kilometers and an industrial zone of 10,000 square kilometers with a width of two to ten kilometers and a length of 2,000 kilometers.
Let's take a look at the specific plan and road map.
Let's start from the south to the north.
The southern starting point was from Shanghai City to Yangshan Port and then to Zhoushan City Shengsi Island, all the way to Huaniao Village. Basically, along this line to the middle line of the China-Korea exclusive marine zone, about 30 nautical miles on the Chinese side, it turned north. When it extended north, it was basically near the 50-meter contour line on the seabed on the Chinese side of the middle line. In the direction of Shandong, it extended north again near 40 nautical miles outside the baseline of Chengshanjiao territorial sea near the easternmost position of the Shandong Peninsula. The middle line of the exclusive marine zones between China and North Korea was also around 20 nautical miles on China's side, and it was connected to the border near the port of Donggang City in Liaoning. It also established large-scale ports and large-scale sea buffer zones in Shanghai and Donggang.
In addition, the Shandong Inner and Outer Port and the Jiangsu Inner and Outer Port would be built in the coastal provinces with corresponding latitudes. The Yellow Sea was divided into two parts, the east and the west. The western part was the freshwater sea, and of course, the Bohai Sea was also surrounded. It formed a "Freshwater Sea" of more than 150,000 square kilometers, with an average depth of 20 meters and a total water capacity of 3,000 cubic kilometers (which was 3 trillion cubic meters, 15× 10,000 ×103×103×20=3×1012=3 trillion cubic meters).
By replacing seawater with about 1.5 trillion cubic meters of fresh water from the Yangtze River and the rivers along the coast every year, a separate plan of construction and replacement could be adopted. Within ten years after the completion of the project, the salt content of the overall water (Bohai Sea and part of the Yellow Sea within the encirclement) could be reduced to less than one thousandth, completely reaching the definition standard of fresh water.
in addition
The project name has not been decided
The amount of investment has not yet been determined.
Reclamation area undetermined (currently only approximate)
The length of the line is not determined (currently only the line)
I don't know the number of earthworks
Project years unknown
The government had only provided the idea and route of the project, so nothing else had been planned yet. It was a typical case of the 1950s and 1960s.
However, the government provided sufficient reasons for the construction of this project, giving two reasons that won the hearts of the people.
First, turn seawater into fresh water to solve the water shortage problem in the northern coastal areas.
2. Relocate and concentrate heavy energy consuming and polluting industries in one place to improve the overall polluted environment of the continent.
First, turning the seawater of the northern coast into fresh water:
The solution to the saline-base pollution of the vast coastal land in the north could effectively reduce the demand for water from inland coastal cities and reduce the exploitation of underground water, thus improving the overall situation of underground water in the northern coastal areas. And through the canal connected to the freshwater sea to divert water to the inland, it can completely solve the production and living water of the vast urban and rural areas in the northern coastal area of about 50 kilometers.
We all know that at the end of the last century and the beginning of this century, the rapid development of the northern cities caused a large increase in water consumption. Several large projects were carried out to divert water from the south to the north, diverting water from the Yellow River and the Yangtze River to quench their thirst and relieve emergencies. However, as the cities further developed, a new water resource crisis appeared. Most areas had been relying on extracting underground water to solve the water resource problem.
For a long time, the natural water level of the rivers and lakes had been artificially lowered, and the self-purification ability of the rivers and lakes had decreased. In addition, the industrial and agricultural production and living water pollution in the coastal areas had always been serious. It required a very high price to raise the water quality to a usable standard.
It had caused a long-term contradiction between supply and demand of high-priced and low-quality water. In order to solve the problem of water use, the local government randomly extracted underground water resources, causing the land to sink and the salt to rise. As a result, the deeper they were extracted, the deeper the underground water sank. In many places, the underground water sank. Some of the sunken areas were even more than 20 meters below sea level, causing seawater from the coastal areas to permeate inland areas. The extracted underground water could not be used without treatment. Therefore, they began to extract deeper underground. It further aggravated the vicious cycle of water resources. If this continued, they would never be able to survive.
By carrying out such a sea reclamation project, the fresh water resources of the Yangtze River, Yellow River and many rivers in the north region could be gathered together and gradually desalt the seawater in the surrounding area. After the corresponding ecological transformation, the vast coastal areas could directly extract the water they needed from the freshwater sea in the surrounding area. Gradually, with the progress of the project, the scope of the desalt water would be wider and wider. The northern coastal areas could use the abundant fresh water. He would no longer need to ask for water from inland rivers and underground. He believed that the production and living conditions of the coastal areas would be greatly improved.
As for the land that was reclaimed from the sea, the high-energy and high-pollution industries and chemical industries that were relocated from the inland would be placed here, so that the mainland would no longer have any such pollution sources and return the mainland to an eternal natural environment.
This place was relatively far away from the mainland and deep into the ocean. The air pollution would not cause pollution to the mainland after the corresponding treatment. It would not even pollute North Korea, Korea, and Japan.
The industrial and agricultural sewage and solid pollution would be concentrated in the newly established sea. According to the corresponding waste discharge, the sewage would neutralize each other, settle, and turn into new reclamation materials. Finally, it would cover the soil and create new land.
Please don't worry about this new land being polluted, because this land is ecologically sound and is reserved for natural use. This will be a paradise for animals and plants.
The earth and stone used for sea reclamation would mainly be excavated from the mountains and hills along the coast. Other projects would not use earth and stone. Some cities could transport solid waste here, excavate excess useless sand and stones from the canal, and extract seabed silt from the nearby sea area.
Transform the mountainous areas and hills in the coastal areas into plains (or highland plains), and dig new double-channel canals in the north where conditions permit. One of these double-channel canals will be used for the domestic water transportation and navigation of cities and rural areas, and the other will be used for the sewage, rainwater collection and proper navigation of cities and rural areas.
At the same time, a wide range of ecological purification wet lands would be built at the coastal cities and estuaries of the freshwater sea, as well as the entrances and exits of the canals to purify the water quality, so that the water would enter and exit cleanly, and the city's pollution would not pollute the entire freshwater sea.
As for the cultivation and harvesting of seafood, the entire northern coastal waters north of the Yangtze River had already caused a large area of toxic pollution and heavy losses. In the next two years, it might affect a quarter of the coastal areas and cause a serious impact on other coastal waters. It had even caused an ecological disaster in the entire coastal waters. In the next three to five years, there would basically be no fish to catch in the coastal waters.
Although seawater could degrade toxic substances faster, it would take time. The country was prepared to implement a three-year ban on fishing and release marine plants and fish in places where conditions were met in order to restore the natural improvement of the marine ecology as soon as possible.
Moreover, the country had already found a way out for these fishermen. It was to use the country's large project to arrange for the fishermen's fishing boats to transport earth and stone for reclamation.
The method of sea reclamation for ships in the sea area was as follows: both sides were fixed with fixed alloy plates that were more than ten kilometers long to prevent the reclaimed materials from being washed away by the current and to ensure that the reclaimed materials could be fully deposited. The ships were divided into different types to fill in the rocks and sarsaparines, and then they continued to fill the sea in different steps.
Large ships filled the sea to about 20 meters above the water surface before moving to the next work area, medium-sized ships filled the sea to about 10 meters above the water surface, and small ships filled the sea to about 5 meters above the water surface.
Large, medium, and small-sized ships followed suit. On both sides, there were several deep-water suction ships that extracted the seabed sand to fill the area five meters below the sea (mainly to allow the sand to enter the cracks of the sand).
The land reclamation was to fill the sea with sand and stones to an elevation of two meters above the water surface (high tide water level). After being tamped, it would be paved with sand, and the surrounding side would be fixed. On both sides, there would be a railway and a road for convenient transportation.
The super project was officially established on the 15th day of the first lunar month, and on the 16th day of the first lunar month, both sides officially started work at the same time.
The first batch of more than 600,000 heavy-duty trucks and more than 200,000 ships of various types were deployed to the construction site. After a few days of mobilization and preparation, eight square kilometers of shallow water near Shanghai in the south and three square kilometers near Donggang City Port in the north were filled. In the future, they could basically reclaim three to five square kilometers a day.
The planned reclamation work in the middle sea area. Due to the strong wind on the sea in winter and spring, the waves were high and the water was not suitable for operation. The construction time was postponed, and the corresponding ships were transferred to the north and south to support the reclamation operation in the north and south.
After the project started, they could basically fill up 1,000 meters of the sea every three days, with a width of 2,000 meters. The widest place in Shanghai was four to six kilometers. Then, it was divided into two reclamation routes.
The project had already started, but the people in the country were still arguing about it. It was mainly the cities in the northern coastal areas, as well as some of the environmental experts and scholars in the country and some people who had no guarantee of their lives.
The northern coastal areas were mainly considered to be coastal areas in the past, but now they had to be along the lake. There was no tide for a long time, and there was also a channel that rose and fell by the tide that had long been integrated into their lives. They felt that the future was not suitable and were at a loss.
The main consideration of the experts and scholars was that this was a difficult period for the country. Such a project was completely useless. It was better to increase the basic welfare of the people of the country.
Meanwhile, the citizens who lacked security also hoped that the government would focus on the basic welfare of the citizens. They would not care much about national affairs and only care about their own interests.
However, the netizens in the country had been arguing about this for a long time, and the popularity did not decrease. After a relatively comprehensive analysis, it listed many advantages and disadvantages.
In addition, ten explanations of the benefits and disadvantages of building this project were published for people of all levels of society to comment on.
Benefits:
1. The most effective South-to-North Water Diversion Plan did not require the downstream to compete for water from the upstream, and the north to compete for water from the south.
2. The most effective freshwater utilization plan. The entire northern coastal area no longer has to worry about the uneven distribution of freshwater resources due to space, geography, and time.
3. Relieve the further deterioration of land salinification caused by urban and rural pumping of underground water within 100 kilometers of the coast. On the contrary, it can use the newly built canal to improve land salinification and promote the rise of underground water level. It was more conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of economic life.
4. The relocation of heavy industries with high energy consumption and high pollution has effectively improved the environment of the continent. I believe that with the passage of time, the ecological environment will develop in a better direction.
5. There are nearly 50,000 square kilometers of saline-alkalized land in the northern coastal areas that can be improved and used, which is a new land for production and life.
6. The newly established natural ecological clean water restoration area along the coast is large, which can effectively improve the water body, land and air pollution, so that the environment can be better.
7. The water in the sea is not directly exchanged with seawater and is not affected by ocean tides. Even if a storm surge occurs in the freshwater sea, it will not cause salt pollution to the land.
8. The ecological density of freshwater fish is several times that of the ocean. The development of the fishery can create a new market ecological environment.
9. The concentration and distribution of heavy industries can be better developed, reducing production costs, and neutralizing each other's pollution can also reduce environmental pollution.
10. Large areas of land in the mainland can be vacated for other constructions, such as withdrawing from industrial and agricultural industries in ecologically fragile areas to prevent further damage to the environment due to human production and life.
The other ten disadvantages and the government's solution
1. Waste of manpower and wealth: China is currently in a difficult period of the catastrophe. Due to the near collapse of the social labor, agriculture, and service industries, nearly one-third of the people who lost their land were suddenly unemployed. If these people could not be relocated to live and work, there would be very big social problems. The construction of these large projects is conducive to the stability of the population and increase the employment of these people. As for the loss of money, there was too much surplus capital in society that could not find an investment direction. If the government did not strengthen control, it would definitely cause a serious financial impact, causing prices to rise and currency to inflate. It would further aggravate social instability and even enter a vicious cycle.
2. How to solve the environmental damage caused by the huge amount of earth and stone borrowed from the project: Earthwork for the project was mainly composed of three aspects: first, the earthworks of the newly planned coastal canal excavation; second, the abandoned stone mountains and the earth-rock mixed mountains and hills in the coastal areas that could not produce economic output. Third, the sand and gravel at the bottom of the sea thirty meters below the sea.
3. The water in the river is polluted, and it will also pollute the coastal areas when it is concentrated. We all know that the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea are currently heavily polluted (the main rivers of China have been poisoned and polluted the sea). In the long run, a large part of the pollution is caused by human industrial activities. Therefore, we have relocated industries to the reclaimed areas, and concentrated large-scale high-pollution industries to reduce the damage to the environment. We have also improved the industrial pollution of the urban environment where conditions permit. The coastal areas would be built with large scale ecological wet lands, and the inland area's pollution would be handled. I believe that with the improvement of the freshwater ecosystem and the concentration of heavily polluting industries, the environment will soon improve.
4. The Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea have formed a freshwater sea. How will the people living in the coastal areas live in the future? The coastal areas mainly depended on the sea for their livelihood. The country's salt industry was mainly in the west and north. There was not much salt output in the coastal areas. The existing salt production enterprises would be led by the government to enter the northwest region for production. Fishermen and herders would be arranged outside the dike. The government would provide fixed-point simulation submarine suspension boxes to simulate the ecology of the original coastal areas for breeding and fishery, as well as promote it in the coastal areas across the country. The water quality and environment here were better, and the output would definitely be better. It could stabilize the old farmers and some fishermen to settle down for breeding.
5. Encircling the sea will disrupt the original ecology and cause an ecological disaster: The toxic pollution at this stage has already caused a serious ecological collapse. If it were to recover naturally, it would take 30 to 50 years for it to reach the level before the catastrophe. It can be said that it is difficult for the ecology to recover naturally in a short period of time. If we want to change it, we can only rely on human factors to rebuild it. Why can't we choose a better plan? " Moreover, we have also simulated the coast and seabed outside the dike. We have reconstructed an original ecological environment in the unpolluted sea area on a large scale. After comparing the data, it can be said that from the results of the supercomputer simulation, because the water quality is better, it will be more robust than the original ecological environment, and the species and products will be more abundant.
6. How to solve the harm caused by river silt and aquatic plants entering the freshwater sea for shipping: For thousands of years, the siltation of rivers and lakes has been a serious threat to the safety of our country's shipping. Our government has already established a large-scale dredging and fishing team. These are not problems.
7. How to solve the problem of freshwater sea freezing in winter: Freezing fresh water was a normal phenomenon in winter. After the construction of the sea, the scale of freezing might be even greater. The government had already planned to build a large-scale icebreaker, specialized in breaking ice to ensure the safety of shipping. However, the sea area outside the dike would not freeze, and it would not affect the safety of ships in the industrial zone.
8. Will it affect the future division of the sea area? The construction and reclamation routes were all on China's side, far away from the neighboring countries and the maritime boundary line advocated by China. They were completely located on China's side of the exclusive economic zone between China and other countries, and there were no disputed waters.
9: The division of the Yellow Sea will seriously affect the ocean currents: After the completion of the project, the ocean currents in the remaining part of the Yellow Sea would indeed change a lot. The exchange of water would be one to two times faster, and the corresponding saltiness and temperature would increase, but the water quality would change for the better.
10: Such a large freshwater sea will seriously affect the climate, and there may be new disasters: According to the supercomputer simulation, the freshwater sea as a whole could drop by two to three degrees in winter, the East Yellow Sea would rise by two to three degrees, the eastern part of the dike would rise by one to two degrees, and the western part would drop by two to three degrees. There will be a slight increase in climate change in the entire region. In summer, the temperature of the entire enclosed area increased by about one degree, which was more conducive to the production of water vapor. The temperature outside the enclosed area decreased by one or two degrees, but the increase or decrease of rainfall was not clear, and the climate change was not big. It also appropriately increased the atmospheric circulation, which helped to improve the dissipation of atmospheric pollution in the area.
The above was the most incredible of the super projects provided by the government. Although there were strong doubts or objections at home and abroad, the Chinese government led the half-starved working people to carry out the world's largest man-made freshwater sea project. This was because the opposition at home and abroad could not affect the decision of the Chinese government. Now, people would say that this matter was very important to China!
[Note 1: As Shanghai City is the nearest sea exit of the entire Yangtze River and the largest port in the world, there is another plan to build a smaller sea reclamation project with a width of 4,000 meters, a length of 25,000 meters, and a total area of 100 square kilometers. It will be used for the mutual passage of ships between the freshwater sea and the East China Sea to prevent seawater from entering and to check the entry ships (to prevent poisoning pollution again).]
[Note 2: Fixed point simulation floating box: It was a cultivation box that was fixed at the bottom of the sea and suspended above 30 meters below the sea surface. As the sunlight in most sea areas could reach 30 meters below the sea surface at most, it would get darker and darker. Therefore, more than 90% of the seafood in the ocean came from this height, which was also the main living area of marine creatures. Marine cultivation was generally within 30 meters below the sea surface. As for the simulated coast, the submarine levitation box was a breeding box and breeding platform that was fixed on the relatively deep seabed.
The government said that this was a good project for thousands of generations. Its functions were comparable to the Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Whether it was now or in the future, it was for the happiness of the future generations of the Chinese nation. They believed that the government of this dynasty would not be infamy for eternity. And it might be recorded in history forever.
This book comes from：m.funovel.com。