Long Jiuxiao brought the Wei Army to tour the Water Mirror Manor, White Horse Cave, and Wenbi Peak.
Looking at the scenery, cultural landscape, feeling the historical and cultural atmosphere, walking while playing, watching while chatting! Time passed quickly.
Many people went out to have fun, and it was like seeing Chang 'an City in one night.”
In the past, he would write and carve randomly everywhere, leaving behind the words " so-and-so visited here ". He would also write " so-and-so woman visited here " in places where he couldn't wait to go to the toilet. Lord Qianlong had long since passed away. The empty thatched cottage here was for men to go out to pay their respects. No visitors were allowed. How dare they insist on invading here? Wasn't it a little nondescript? It was unknown if it was because of his curiosity or something else. Anyway, Long Jiuxiao was very uncomfortable when he saw it.
But now, the quality of people had improved. They didn't leave any words, but they took photos and took photos with their phones. Everywhere they went, they would click, take selfies, and take photos together. They were extremely busy! After the tour, other than photos, there were only photos. He didn't know anything about the cultural landscape, history, or culture.
Nowadays, people's living standards have improved, and their living conditions are getting better and better. Traveling has also become a part of their daily life. We can enjoy the scenery, relax our minds, broaden our horizons, and improve the relationship between family and friends! Why not?
After choosing the destination, other than the necessities: Travel bag/backpack, clothes, toiletries, important documents, cash and credit cards, plane tickets, train tickets, medical kit/first aid kit, mobile phone, charger, etc.
The pace of life had improved, but we couldn't just go sightseeing. Before we went sightseeing, we had to do our homework.
We also need to be clear about where to travel, what benefits we can bring, and what our purpose is. This can be used as a basis for choosing a tourist destination!
He also had to understand the local culture, customs, people's feelings, geography, weather, and environment, especially the local customs. This was extremely important!
For example, a few travel enthusiasts went to the Tibetan area to play. At night, they stayed at the Tibetan house and were guests. The locals had a belief that they were not allowed to step on the threshold or stand on the threshold when entering or leaving the door. However, because of the ignorance of these people, it caused a small storm in the end and almost caused a fight. Although the matter finally subsided, the lesson was profound!
Long Jiuxiao had said before,"
What was a "cultural tour"?
" Mountain tour, water viewing, scenery viewing, inscription reading." Only after reading the inscription could one have an understanding of the history and culture of the place. This was the key to a cultural tour!
At six o'clock in the evening, Long Jiuxiao, Wei Jun, and Su Qiang, who had driven over, gathered at the restaurant they had booked! Boss Su Qiang was very punctual!
Because the business of the restaurant was very good, there were no private rooms without reservation. If the old classmates wanted to have a good chat, they had to find a quiet seat.
Even the reserved private room was only reserved for half an hour.
So early in the morning, Long Jiuxiao booked a private room for around 6:30.
When Long Jiuxiao called Su Qiang, he said that he would meet him at six o'clock. He also sent the location to him and asked for the private room of Romance of the Three Kingdoms. He liked the name as soon as he heard it. It was very unique and he knew that there must be a meaning behind it.
Boss Su Qiang was very punctual! Punctuality was a person's moral cultivation! It was one of the necessary qualities for modern people.
The three of them happily went to the private room of Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
In the private room of the restaurant Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Su Qiang joked," The three of us, if we don't become sworn brothers in the Peach Garden, then the three countries will stand together. The Wei army will be the Wei Kingdom, and me, Fourth Brother, will be the Shu and Wu alliance. We will definitely defeat you."”
"Don't. I can't hold my liquor. I can't even win if it's just you alone. It's fine even if you drink eight taels.”The Wei army quickly surrendered.
Long Jiuxiao said,"
"We were classmates and haven't seen each other for many years. Commander, you know that I don't drink, so I invited Boss Su to drink with you. You have to give me face!"
"Yes, Commander. We haven't seen each other for many years. I specially rushed over today to drink with you. Be straightforward and stop nagging.”Su Qiangqiang adjusted her tone.
One sentence was enough to stop Wei Jun.
Long Jiuxiao eased the atmosphere again," Emotional exchanges are often sublimated in wine. If they didn't drink, Liu Guan and Zhang would leave after chatting in Taoyuan. They would look for their own mothers. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the end of the play. If he didn't drink, Sun Wukong would be quiet. There wouldn't be a Great Heavenly Court, and he would be a horse in the Heavenly Court. If there was no wine, Song Jiang would not have mentioned poetry. 108 heroes dispersed before they even started. Water margin, the end."
As a result, the topic unfolded to their heart's content, and their feelings were sublimated!
"Is Zhuge Liang from Nanyang County or Longzhong?”The Wei Army asked. They naturally had to talk about Longzhong at the wine table!
" It's definitely Long Zhong's. If you don't believe me, let the fourth brother tell you." Su Qiang pointed at Long Jiuxiao and said!
Thus, Long Jiuxiao began to talk about the past and the present.
Where was Zhuge Liang's farm? The place where they farmed? Nanyang County or Longzhong? It had always been the biggest debate in the academic world!
The most harmful thing was that Zhuge Liang recalled in the "Table of the Apprentice" that he had said before he left the thatched cottage: "I was originally a commoner and cultivated in Nanyang.”Nanyang County was in Henan Province. An unclear Nanyang had caused a thousand years of lawsuits.
However, in the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang's Longzhong Dui was clearly included. It was the strategy of governing the country that Zhuge Liang talked about when Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times. Longzhong was located in Xiangyang, Hubei Province.
Both men and women were right. Therefore, because of this matter, they fought and argued for more than a thousand years! Why bother?
Let's not talk about Zhuge Liang's past life and present body for the time being.
However, Nanyang County and Longzhong had always been at loggerheads over Zhuge Liang's hideout. For the sake of their own economic interests, they began to fight for culture and interests.
Zhuge Liang had already passed away 1,800 years ago, yet he still had to be dragged out by these boring people to fight every day.
Just think about it, there were people arguing every day. This was not just idle, it was just idle chatter!
Where Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion, Longzhong or Nanyang County, had always been in dispute.
If you were Zhuge Liang, where would you choose to live in seclusion?
First of all, was Nanyang County the ideal place for Zhuge Liang to live in seclusion? The answer was yes or no.
Nanyang County was originally the territory of Zhang Zi, the prefect of Nanyang. Zhang Zi was killed by Sun Jian, the prefect of Changsha, and later occupied by Yuan Shu.
"Nanyang County has millions of households. Because of Yuan Shu's extravagance and excessive collection, the people are suffering. He was not at peace with Liu Biao and allied with Gongsun Zan in the North.”。
After Yuan Shu's defeat, he was occupied by Zhang Ji and Zhang Xiu's uncle and nephew.
After Zhang Ji's death, Zhang Xiu and Liu Biao joined forces to resist Cao Cao. They surrendered after the battle, then returned after surrendering, and finally surrendered to Cao Cao.
All kinds of fighting showed that Nanyang was a place of war and disaster, not an ideal place to live in seclusion.
Remember, this was one of Long Jiuxiao's views!
Zhuge Liang was from Longzhong, but at that time, Longzhong was under the jurisdiction of Nanyang County. When the ancients introduced themselves, they liked to talk about big places. They couldn't say," I'm farming in a small place called Longzhong under Nanyang County." Therefore, Zhuge Liang simply said that he was farming in Nanyang. Who knew that this concise introduction would become the fuse of the thousand-year war!
Did Zhuge Liang farm in Nanyang County or Longzhong? This question had been debated for a long time. In fact, at that time, Longzhong was just a small county under Nanyang County.
At that time, Longzhong was under the jurisdiction of Deng County of Nanyang County. The Nanyang in the phrase "personally farming in Nanyang" referred to Nanyang County.
In other words, at that time, Longzhong was under the jurisdiction of Deng County of Nanyang County, so Zhuge Liang claimed to be "personally farming in Nanyang". At that time, Longzhong was later placed under the jurisdiction of Gu Xiangyang. After all, it was normal for the world to be in conflict. This was today's Gu Xiangyang Longzhong!
Pang Tong, also known as Phoenix Chick, was five miles east of ancient Xiangyang City.
Sima Hui, who recommended Wolong to Liu Bei, was from the Water Mirror Village in Zhangnan, Xiangyang.
His father-in-law, Huang Chengyan, was from Huangjiawan, near Longzhong.
Zhuge Wolong's wife, Huang Xiuying, was from Xiangyang.
After Zhuge Liang married Huang Xiuying, he met his father-in-law several times. Xiangyang was so big. If Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion somewhere else and paid frequent visits to Lord Taishan, it would have been impossible to do so at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty when transportation was not developed.
Zhuge Liang made many famous friends in ancient Xiangyang, such as Pang Shiyuan, Meng Gongwei, Cui Zhouping, Xu Yuanzhi, etc. His social activities such as making friends, studying, apprenticeship, marriage, etc. all took place in ancient Xiangyang. His relatives also lived in ancient Xiangyang.
None of Zhuge Liang's relatives and friends lived in Wancheng, Nanyang. Even Ma Su, Ma Liang, and other civil and military officials were from ancient Xiangyang. If Zhuge Liang had not personally cultivated in the ancient Xiangyang, it would have been impossible to establish such social relations.
At that time, Zhuge Liang's social connections were almost all in Gu Xiangyang. Nanyang was more than 140 kilometers away from ancient Xiangyang. There were no high-speed trains at that time. Could it be that Zhuge Liang was so smart that he would ride a donkey hundreds of miles from Nanyang to ancient Xiangyang to find friends? Unless Zhuge Liang was crazy. This was Long Jiuxiao's second opinion.
The scenery in Gulongzhong was excellent and the feng shui was good. If you were Zhuge Liang, where would you choose to live in seclusion? Without a doubt, he chose Longzhong!
According to historical records, Zhuge Liang followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan from Shandong to ancient Xiangyang at the age of 17 and lived in seclusion in Longzhong for 10 years. In history, the well-known " three visits to the grass and the house " and " the confrontation in the middle of the mountain " happened here.
Zhuge Liang's former residence was in Longzhong, surrounded by towering ancient trees and winding mountains.
This place was very close to the ancient Xiangyang City, which was located in the south and the north. The transportation was convenient and the news was well-informed. As the saying goes, a scholar knows everything in the world without going out. Zhuge Liang lived here for ten years. He cultivated at home and studied hard. He went out to make friends with people of insight and ambition. Finally, he became a famous talent.
Gulongzhong was located in the mountains 13 kilometers west of the ancient Xiangyang City. It was quiet and elegant, with blue skies, green mountains, and green waters. Although the mountain is not high but elegant, the water is not deep but clear, the land is not wide but flat, the forest is not big but dense.
The scenery was quiet, the air was fresh, and there were many negative oxygen particles. It could be said to be a natural oxygen bar. It was beneficial for self-cultivation!
The mountains were tall and green, and the mountains stretched for a long time. The Qi Mountain was surrounded by mountains, and the mountains and rivers were all there. It was a place with good feng shui.
Longzhong had attracted the attention of the world because of its landscape environment, which nurtured a hero like Zhuge Liang. This was Long Jiuxiao's third point!
In the whole dynasty, only ancient Xiangyang has Longzhong. Zhuge Liang's plan for Liu Bei to divide the world into three parts and unite Wu to resist Cao Cao was called Longzhong Dui. This was something that everyone in the world knew.
At present, there were also turnips in ancient Xiangyang, also known as Kongming vegetables, which was one of the local specialties. Legend has it that Kong Ming discovered that vegetables were prone to decay during war, so he thought of a way to marinate the radish in salt to ferment. The Kongming dishes were refreshing and easy to preserve.
Zhuge Liang belongs to the ancient Xiangyang, to the entire empire, and to all of us.
As early as the Qing Dynasty, Nanyang in Henan Province and Xiangyang in Hubei Province started to fight over Zhuge Liang's former residence because of his fame.
Gu Jiaheng, the prefect of Nanyang, Henan Province, had a famous couplet:
The heart is in the Han Dynasty, originally there is no distinction between the first monarch and the second monarch;
Famous in the world, why bother to argue with Xiangyang and Nanyang?
The first verse said that Zhuge Liang was dedicated to the country and did not care about the monarch, whether it was the wise Liu Bei or the fatuous Ah Dou;
The second part of the couplet said that Zhuge Liang's name was immortalized and praised by the world. Why should we distinguish between ancient Xiangyang and Nanyang? This was a historical case.
At that time, Gu Jiaheng was the prefect of Nanyang, and he was from Donghu, Hubei Province (now Yichang).
In order not to offend his hometown people, but also not to hurt the hearts of the local squires and the people, he had no choice but to "smooth things over" in the face of this dilemma. He took a compromise method and wrote this famous couplet to persuade everyone not to divide Nanyang's ancient Xiangyang, thus easing the long-lasting debate. It was really brilliant, so this couplet became famous for a while and was widely read by people.
He praised Zhuge Liang and casually smoothed out the dispute between the two provinces. It was fair and just. His art of balance was used just right, so he said, Gu Jiaheng's couplet was indeed worthy of being called a famous couplet.
The dispute over where Zhuge Liang's "personal farming land" was located had been going on for more than a thousand years.
On the one hand, it was because of the long history, so the relevant information was incomplete and the historical records were relatively lacking.
On the other hand, it was because of the frequent changes in the administrative divisions in our country's history. The division of regions was unclear.
However, from the earlier historical records and the reasonable inference of Zhuge Liang's life, the correct conclusion could still be drawn.
The most powerful evidence
According to the Eastern Jin historian Xi Zaochi's " Han Jin Spring and Autumn Annals ""Zhuge Liang's home is in Deng County of Nanyang, 20 miles west of the ancient Xiangyang City.”This was the earliest record of Zhuge Liang's residence.
It could be said that Xi Zaochi's statement was very credible. It was also very powerful!
Firstly, the era that Xi Zaochi lived in was very close to the time of Zhuge Liang's death, less than a hundred years apart. Therefore, the location was very clear!
Secondly, Xi Zaochi was from ancient Xiangyang and was very familiar with the geography, topography, and history around ancient Xiangyang. He wouldn't get the address wrong.
Third, the scholars of that time were not like some of the academic research today, where there was a huge profit behind it. Moreover, Xi Zaochi would not ruin his reputation and openly forge it in order to compete for Zhuge Liang's land.
When Pei Songzhi was giving notes to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, he had also quoted Xi Zaochi's statement, which was also an affirmation of Xi Zaochi's statement.
In summary, Long Jiuxiao could very clearly say: Zhuge Liang lived in Longzhong. This was an indisputable fact. There was no need to argue anymore!
Later, many historical books had records of Longzhong, and the geographical location was locked within a twenty-mile radius around the ancient Xiangyang City. It was definitely within the territory of the ancient Xiangyang City today.
Zhuge Liang's straw hut couplet:
Infatuation can make people's aspirations clear; Tranquility can make people go far.
Historian Xi Zaochi's words further proved that Longzhong in ancient Xiangyang was Zhuge Liang's secluded place!
The hexagonal well on the bank of Longzhong Mountain used to provide water for Zhuge Liang's daily life. It had a history of about 1800 years.
Therefore, most scholars agreed that Zhuge Liang cultivated the land in ancient Xiangyang.
In fact, as a historical culture, it could be like the civil and military Red Cliff. The ancient Xiangyang and Nanyang County Zhuge Shengji could also coexist.
There was another piece of evidence that could be used as evidence, which was Pei Songzhi's annotation of the Records of the Three Kingdoms from the Wei Lue.
Wei Lue was a history book privately written by Yu Huan, a doctor of Cao Wei. It was closer to the era Zhuge Liang lived in.
According to the records in The Strategy of Wei, it was not Liu Bei who had visited the thatched cottage three times to invite Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain. It was Zhuge Liang who took the initiative to meet Liu Bei. Liu Bei did not pay much attention to him because he was young. However, it also meant that Liu Bei was stationed in Fancheng... Zhuge Liang went north to see Liu Bei."
Fancheng was located to the north of the ancient Xiangyang, and it was only separated from the ancient Xiangyang by a river. Zhuge Liang went north to see Liu Bei, which showed that Zhuge Liang's home was to the south of Fancheng. According to Zhuge Liang's theory, the land he cultivated was in Nanyang (Wancheng), but Fancheng was south of Wancheng. Zhuge Liang should have gone south to see Liu Bei.
From this, it could be seen that Zhuge Liang could only go to Gu Xiangyang to meet Liu Bei!
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a habit of referring to prefectures and counties by their administrative offices. Nanyang Prefecture's administrative office was in Wancheng.
Therefore, in some historical records,"Nanyang" and "oligarchic" often replaced each other, but "Nanyang County" could not be equated with oligarchic.
At that time, Liu Biao only controlled a small part of the southern part of Nanyang County. Zhuge Liang followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan to join Liu Biao, so it was impossible for him to stay far away from Liu Biao's sphere of influence and live in seclusion in Wan City.
Moreover, Zhuge Liang's social circle was made up of local celebrities in Jingxiang. Zhuge Liang's wife was the daughter of Huang Chengyan, a famous scholar in Jingxiang, while his brother-in-law was Cai Mao, a local aristocrat in ancient Xiangyang.
If Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Wancheng, which was two or three hundred miles away from the ancient Xiangyang, and was occupied by different forces, it would be more difficult and costly to make friends.
Therefore, from a comprehensive point of view, the statement in the Han Jin Spring and Autumn Annals that Zhuge Liang's house was 20 miles west of the ancient Xiangyang City and called Longzhong was extremely credible.
Regarding the dispute over the ancient Xiangyang of Nanyang, there was still a lot of evidence that could fully prove that Longzhong of the ancient Xiangyang was Zhuge Liang's secluded place!
Before the Yuan Dynasty, there were no historical records of Zhuge Liang living in seclusion in the current Nan Yang City.
There were records of the ancient Xiangyang Longzhong from the Jin Dynasty, and the records had not been broken. Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty also sent people to ancient Xiangyang to look for the former residence of Kong Ming.
According to the accumulation of layers, the ancient history of the Celestial Dynasty was created. The further away the records were from the people involved, the less credible they were. Therefore, the ancient Xiangyang theory was more convincing.
All the books on the history of the Three Kingdoms had determined that Zhuge Liang's place of seclusion was in Longzhong, west of the ancient Xiangyang City.
Remarks:
The existing early historical materials (Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties) that currently support the ancient Xiangyang Longzhong theory are:
(1) The Biography of Zhuge Liang in the Records of the Three Kingdoms cited Wang Yin's Records of Shu: Jin Yongxing years, Zhennan General Liu Hong came to Longzhong, visited Zhuge Liang's old house, set up a stone tablet to represent Zhuge Liang.
(2) The Biography of Zhuge Liang in the Records of the Three Kingdoms quoted Xi Zaochi's view from the Spring and Autumn Annals of the Han and Jin Dynasties: Zhuge Liang's family lived in Deng County, Nanyang, twenty miles west of the ancient Xiangyang County, known as Longzhong.
(3) The Biography of Xi Zaochi in the Book of Jin records: Enter from the north gate, look west to Longzhong, think of the song of Wolong; Looking east at the white sand, I miss the sound of phoenix chicks.
(4) Taiping Yu Lan, Volume 180, Ju Chu Bu, 8. Zhai cited Sheng Hongzhi's Jingzhou Ji: In ancient times, about ten miles northwest of Xiangyang was called Longzhong, where Zhuge Kongming lived.
(5)"Wenxuan Chushi Biao" notes cited "Jingzhou Map Deputy": A mile southwest of the old county of Dengcheng, across the Mianshui River, there is Zhuge Liang's house, where Liu Bei visited three times.
(6) Shui Jing Zhu, Volume 28, Mianshui Zhu: The Mianshui River flows eastward through the north of Leshan Mountain... The Mianshui River flows eastward through Longzhong and passes through the north of Zhuge Liang's old house... Liu Jihe, the general of chariots and horses in Peiguo... ordered An to write the inscription of the house... More than 60 years later, in the fifth year of Yongping, Xi Zaochi wrote the inscription of his house.
On December 8, 1986, the document announcing the second batch of national historical and cultural cities also clearly pointed out that ancient Xiangyang was the former residence of Zhuge Liang in Longzhong.
At the same time, it was also determined that Nanyang was the "Temple of Marquis Wu", and the contents of the two places of interest were described in a scientific manner. We still use the highest level as the standard!
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