Jizi, named Xuyu, was the younger brother of Emperor Yi and the uncle of King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty. His official position was Grand Tutor and he was conferred the title of Ji. People called him Jizi.
After King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he did not exterminate the royal family of the Shang Dynasty. Instead, he enfeoffed King Zhou's son, Wu Geng, to the Yin Dynasty to worship his ancestors. Firstly, it would show King Wu's benevolence, and secondly, it would appease the royal family of the Shang Dynasty. This was also King Wu's application of the theory of neither affirming nor denying everything. After the death of King Wu of Zhou, Wu Geng took the opportunity to rebel and attempt to recapture the Shang Dynasty. King Wu of Zhou's younger brother, Ji Fa, led the army to quell the rebellion and killed Wu Geng.
The eldest son of Emperor Yi of the Shang Dynasty, Wei Ziqi, was the elder brother of King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty. Because his mother's status was low and she was not a queen, she could not inherit the throne. When the Shang Dynasty was about to perish, she went to Xiqi and did not participate in Wu Geng's rebellion. The Zhou Dynasty granted Wei Ziqi the title of Shangqiu, the old capital of the Shang Dynasty, to worship his ancestors. The country was named Song, which was the Song Country during the Spring and Autumn Period.
After the fall of the Shang Dynasty, Jizi refused to surrender to the Zhou Dynasty and fled to Mount Ji (now Chess Mountain in Lingchuan County, Jincheng City, southeast of Shanxi Province), where he lived in seclusion.
When King Wu of Zhou learned that Jizi lived in seclusion in Mount Ji, he went to visit him and asked,""What was the reason for the demise of the Shang Dynasty?”I want to take this as a warning.
Jizi did not want to speak ill of his own country, so he did not say a word with a displeased expression.
King Wu felt the atmosphere was awkward and realized that he had said something wrong. It was as if he was rubbing salt on someone else's wound. He quickly changed the topic and asked,""How do we follow the mandate of heaven to govern the country?”
Jizi closely combined with reality and explained the "Hongfan Jiuchou" handed down by Xia Yu to King Wu in simple terms.
King Wu of Zhou was enlightened and asked Jizi to help govern the country. Jizi said,"I'm used to living in the countryside, not in the court."”He politely declined.
After King Wu of Zhou returned, he was still unwilling. He sent Wei Zi to invite Jizi to come out of the mountain to govern the country and promised him a high position and a high salary. Jizi said to Wei Zi,"Do you still remember what I said to you before?”
"What words?"
"If Yinshang is destroyed, I will never become a servant of the new dynasty.”
"Times have changed. A wise man understands the times. Uncle, please think twice.”
"My initial heart will not change with time and environment. Please go back."
Wei Zi had to return to Haojing (now Xi'an) to report to King Wu of Zhou.
Jizi was afraid that King Wu of Zhou would invite him again, so he quickly led his disciples and a group of five to six thousand old friends of the Shang Dynasty to leave Mount Ji and head east to find a place to live in seclusion.
Jizi and his entourage came to today's Jiaozhou Bay. Jizi still felt that it was too close to King Wu of Zhou. He was worried that King Wu of Zhou would send someone to invite him. He remembered that he had once visited his relatives in the Korean Peninsula from Liaoning. The people there had clan ties with the royal family of the Shang Dynasty, so he led his people across the sea and came to the Korean Peninsula. Along with him were the nobles of the Shang Dynasty, Jing Rusong, Qin Ying, Nangong Xiu, Marquis Kang, Lu Qi, etc. Together with their local relatives, they founded the Ji Marquisate.
Jizi brought the scholars who knew poetry and books, rites and music, medicine, Yin and Yang, witchcraft, and skilled craftsmen who knew all kinds of skills to the Korean Peninsula. They built houses, reclaimed farmland, raised silkworms, weaved cloth, burned pottery, and weaved bamboo. They used the civilization of the Central Plains to educate their subjects and implement the ritual and music system of the Heavenly Dynasty. The official system of the Yamen and the diet and daily life followed the customs of the Central Plains, and they flourished.
King Wu of Zhou knew that Jizi led his tribe to live on the Korean Peninsula. He sent people to North Korea to make Jizi the monarch of North Korea and invited Jizi to return home to visit. At this time, Jizi was already fifty-two years old.
Later, Jizi returned to the capital from North Korea to see the emperor of the Zhou Dynasty, Ji Fa. He passed by the ruins of the capital of the Shang Dynasty, the old capital of the Shang Dynasty. He saw that the original palace was dilapidated and some places had been planted with crops. He cried sadly and wrote a poem, Mai Xiuge: "The wheat is growing, and the grain is oily. That cunning boy doesn't like me!" (The wheat is sprouting, and the sharp awn stands up; The branches and leaves were smooth, and the crops grew healthily. Oh, that naughty boy, he doesn't want to be friendly with me.）The "Jiao Tong" here referred to King Zhou. He didn't listen to advice at that time, and now he had fallen into such a world. Hearing this, Chaoge and Yin Min burst into tears.
The Eastern Yi Biography of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty recorded the situation of Jizi's descendants: "After forty generations, he came to North Korea and called himself King. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, there was chaos. Thousands of people from Yan, Qi and Zhao fled to the land. Later, Wei Man of Yan defeated Kou Zhun and became king of North Korea himself, passing the country to Sun Youqu. (After more than forty generations, he went to North Korea and called himself King. At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, there were tens of thousands of people from Yan, Qi and Zhao who took refuge in North Korea. Wei Man of Yan defeated Zhun and ruled North Korea himself, passing the country to Sun Tzu Youqu.）”
In 1102, Suzong of Koryo visited the place where Jizi was buried and finally determined that Jizi was buried under Mudan Peak in Chaoyang. He built a mausoleum for Jizi and built a Jizi Temple next to it for sacrifice. The successive monarchs of the Korean Peninsula had sacrificed to Ji Ziling and repaired him several times. The Jizi Mausoleum was a mausoleum built in memory of Jizi in ancient Korea. It no longer exists today.
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