"Dear ministers, the Supreme King List has been opened. What do you think I can rank?”
Li Yuan did not gather the ministers to make fun of Yang Guang. He was also very concerned about the list of the top ten meritorious emperors. He was already over sixty.
It would be even better if he could obtain the Longevity Extending Pill.
Zhangsun Wuji stepped forward and cupped his hands. Other than Qin Shihuang, no one could compare to His Majesty's achievements. He could be ranked in the top three.”
Your Majesty's achievements have been sorted out. There are mainly the following major achievements:
Entering Guanzhong
After the Taiyuan oath, Li Yuan, his eldest son Jiancheng and his second son Shimin led their troops south. They successively defeated Song Laosheng, the general of Sui Yingya Lang who guarded Huoyi (now Huo County, Shanxi Province), crossed the Yellow River, and surrounded Qu Tutong, the general of Sui Dynasty guarding Hedong, but did not attack. They quickly advanced towards the southwest. At that time, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was far away in Jiangdu (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province), and the strength of the Sui army inside the pass was weak. The Wagang Army of the Central Plains and Wang Shichong were fighting fiercely, and they had no time to look west. Therefore, the Li father and son marched quickly and attacked Chang 'an in November of the 13th year of Daye (617).
Not long after Li Yuan entered Chang 'an, he announced that he would respect Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty as the Supreme Emperor, support Emperor Yang's grandson, Yang You, as the emperor, and change the year title to Yining, which was Emperor Gong of the Sui Dynasty. Emperor Gong granted Li Yuan the title of King of Tang, Prime Minister and Shangshu Ling, and Li Jiancheng was the heir of King of Tang. Li Shimin was appointed Jingzhao Yin and changed to Duke of Qin. Li Yuanji was granted the title of Duke of Qi.
Ascend to the throne
In the second year of Yining (618 years), Li Shimin was granted the title of Duke of Zhao. In the third month of the same year, Emperor Yang of Sui was killed by the generals of the Imperial Army in Jiangdu. In May of the same year, Emperor Gong of the Sui Dynasty was forced to abdicate to Li Yuan, who was the emperor in Chang 'an. The state name was Tang, and Wude of Jianyuan was established. Chang' an was the capital, which was Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty. Li Yuan appointed Li Shimin as Shangshu Ling. Soon, Li Jiancheng was appointed Crown Prince, Li Shimin was appointed King of Qin, and Li Yuanji was appointed King of Qi.
Folded to sweep away the heroes
At the beginning of the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the territory was limited to Guanzhong and Hedong area, and the whole country had not been completely ruled. Therefore, Li Yuan often sent his sons Li Shimin, Li Jiancheng, and Li Yuanji to go out to gradually eliminate the independent forces in various places.
In June of the first year of Wude (618), Li Shimin attacked Xue Ju, Xue Renguo and his son, who occupied places such as Gansu and Lanzhou. Xue Ju died in September of the lunar calendar, and Xue Renguo was captured and killed in November of the lunar calendar, pacifying the vast northwest region.
In the second year of Wude (619), the Tang Dynasty used counter-spies to intensify the internal contradictions of Li Gui's group, thus capturing and killing Li Gui and pacifying the Hexi Corridor. In the same year, Liu Wuzhou and Song Jingang colluded with the Turks to attack Hedong and occupy Taiyuan. Li Yuanji, Pei Ji and others fled. Later, Li Shimin went out to discuss Hedong, recover Taiyuan and eliminate Liu Wuzhou's forces. Liu Wuzhou and Song Jingang fled to the Turks and were soon killed. At that time, the Yellow River basin formed the Xia regime Dou Jiande, Zheng regime Wang Shichong and Tang Dynasty three forces. In 620, Li Shimin was ordered to lead the army to the Eastern Expedition against Wang Shichong. Dou Jiande and Wang Shichong formed an alliance to fight against Li Shimin's army.
In the fourth year of Wude (621), Li Shimin captured Dou Jiande in the battle of Wulao Pass. It prompted Wang Shichong to surrender. In the sixth year of Wude (623), Prince Li Jiancheng captured and beheaded Liu Heita, the remaining department of Dou Jiande, and pacified Hebei. In the seventh year of Wude (624), Gao Kaidao was killed by his subordinate Zhang Jinshu, who surrendered to Tang Dynasty. The Tang army also destroyed the Fugong's forces in Jiangnan and finally unified the world. [1]
Political measures
After Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor, there were many things to be done. He organized his forces to unify the country while paying attention to strengthening the regime. The political, economic, cultural, and military systems of the early Tang Dynasty had basically begun to take shape during Li Yuan's time.
political
In terms of political system, Li Yuan inherited the system of the Sui Dynasty and made some progress. The political system established by the central government of the Tang Dynasty was generally three provinces, six departments, and twenty-four divisions. The three provinces were Shangshu Province, Zhongshu Province, and Menxia Province. The Shangshu Province was in charge of the country's government decrees and was the executive organ of the orders. There are six subordinates, namely, officials, households, ceremonies, soldiers, punishments and workers. The Ministry of Civil Affairs was in charge of the selection, assessment, rewards and punishments of officials. The Ministry of Revenue was in charge of household registration and taxes, the Ministry of Rites was in charge of etiquette and imperial examinations, and the Ministry of Revenue was in charge of the Ministry of Revenue. The Ministry of War is in charge of military affairs, and the Ministry of Punishment is in charge of criminal cases. The Ministry of Works was in charge of civil engineering, and each department was divided into four divisions as the administrative organ. The Ministry of Central Affairs was responsible for drafting the emperor's edict and was the decision-making organ. The province under the door would review the imperial edict drafted by the Ministry of Central Affairs and reject the inappropriate changes. The supervisory authority was the Imperial Censorate, and its duty was to supervise and impeach the civil and military officials.
There were two levels of local political power, namely the state He County. The officers were the provincial governor and the county magistrate. The provincial governor had to patrol the counties every year, assess the achievements of the officials, and was also responsible for recommending talents. The county magistrate was in charge of all kinds of affairs in the county. He was a small official, but he was the busiest official.
military system
The military system of the Tang Dynasty was the government military system, which was a professional military system. This system was created during the Yuwen Tai period of the Western Wei Dynasty. It passed through the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty. On the way to Chang 'an, Li Yuan had gradually incorporated his troops into the military system. The military system separated the right to train and lead troops to prevent the generals from supporting themselves and resisting the central government. The prefectural military system was built on the basis of the equal land system. It was a system that integrated soldiers and farmers. The soldiers usually produced at home and went out to battle during wartime. During the slack season, the Military Mansion would be in charge of training to increase combat effectiveness. During the Sui Wendi period, this system was implemented. The important duty of the prefectural soldiers was to take turns serving in the capital or the frontier fortress. They were called fanshang, and during wartime, they would go out to fight against the enemy. During the period of service, soldiers could be exempted from their own rent and transfer, but regardless of whether they were on duty or on the battlefield, they had to be responsible for preparing the weapons, clothes, food, and so on. The prefectural military system fundamentally lightened the burden on the country. Not only could it expand the source of soldiers, but it could also ensure combat effectiveness. The nomadic tribes in the north, like the Turks, had cavalry similar to the prefectural military system, but they were all composed of herdsmen and had little military training. Thus, although they always had the advantage in numbers when fighting with the well-trained armies of the interior, their combat effectiveness was very weak and they often lost.
Foreign Wars
After the founding of the Tang Dynasty, many places were still divided. The peasant uprising army and the remaining generals of the Sui Dynasty were divided into various places. After Li Yuan settled down in Chang 'an, he began a war of unification that lasted for 10 years.
economic
The tax and corvee system of the Tang Dynasty was mainly the land leveling system and the rent regulation. Equal field system: Ding male awarded one acre of land, including 80 mu of land for the population and 20 mu of land for permanent industry. There were also restrictions on the land of nobles. From princes to dukes and marquises, the number of land granted ranged from 100 hectares to 5 hectares. The number of land awarded to officials ranged from 30 hectares to 2 hectares. In addition, officials at all levels were also given land, which was supplemented by land rent as a part of their salary. The equal-field system also restricted the sale of land. The permanent fields and granted fields of bureaucrats and nobles could be sold. The people could sell the permanent fields when they were too poor to handle funerals. They could also sell the permanent fields when they moved from places with more people and less land to places with less people and more land.
On the basis of the implementation of the equal land system, Li Yuan, the emperor of Tang Dynasty, also implemented the regulation of rent: The peasants who received the land had to pay two stones of millet per year, which was rent; Every year pay twenty feet of silk, three taels of cotton, or pay twenty feet five feet of cloth, three catties of hemp, this is the tune; Each soldier served for 20 days a year. If they did not serve, they could be converted to three feet of silk per day. This was mediocre. If the government added an additional period of service, it would be exempted from transfer for 15 days and rent-free for 30 days. The maximum number of days of service extension per year was 30. Compared with the Sui Dynasty, the conditions for the use of employment instead of military service were much more relaxed, which was more conducive for farmers to engage in agricultural production.
"Therefore, in this humble subject's opinion, Your Majesty's achievements are comparable to Qin Shihuang.”。Zhangsun Wuji concluded.
"You're right. I hope it's as you expected." Li Yuan said.
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