Then, they rode to the Great Ming Palace, which was the imperial palace of the Tang Dynasty.
danfeng gate
Danfeng Gate was the south gate of the central axis of the Tang Dynasty's Daming Palace. Its length, quality, and specifications were the best in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, reflecting its dignity and royal style. It was the highest city gate in the capital city, and was of great value to the study of Chang 'an City in the Tang Dynasty. It was known as the "First Gate of the Tang Dynasty".
The remains of five gates were discovered in the Red Phoenix Sect. It was the tallest gate at that time. It was more than 200 feet long from east to west and about 60 feet wide from north to south. It was the highest standard in ancient times, the " number one gate in the world."
The Red Phoenix Sect had been in use for more than 240 years. It faced Hanyuan Hall in the north, and there was an imperial road that was more than 200 feet long between the two. Danfeng Gate was built in the second year of Tang Gaozong's Longshuo when the Daming Palace was built on a large scale. It was built on the south wall of the Daming Palace, which was the east section of the north wall of Chang 'an City. In the second year of Emperor Suzong of Tang Dynasty, it was renamed "Mingfeng Gate" and soon renamed "Danfeng Gate".
Ever since it was built, the Red Phoenix Gate had become the main passage for the Tang Dynasty emperors to enter and exit the palace. It was the highest standard among the gates of the Daming Palace. There was a tall gatehouse on the Red Phoenix Gate. It was an important place for the emperor of the Tang Dynasty to hold the coronation ceremony, announce the amnesty, and change the year number.
Wangxian Gate and Jianfu Gate
Apart from the Red Phoenix Gate in the center of the Nangong wall, there was the Wangxian Gate on the east side of the city gate (and the main gate of the East Inner Garden, Yanzheng Gate, to the east), and the Jianfu Gate on the west side.
During the late Tang Dynasty, the emperor often attended court in Yanying Hall on the west side of Xuanzheng Hall. The prime minister and officials who attended court all went in and out from Jianfu Gate on the west side, so Jianfu Gate became the most frequently used palace gate.
"Chang 'an Annals" records: "To the west of Danfeng Gate is Jianfu Gate. Outside the gate is the courtyard of hundreds of officials waiting for leakage." Du Fu and Jia Zhi's poem,"Early Court at the Daming Palace," described the scene of the early court waiting for the leak: "Five nights of leaking sound to urge the dawn arrow, nine layers of spring intoxicated the immortal peach; Flags and banners are warm in the sun, dragons and snakes move, and the palace is slightly windy, swallows and sparrows fly high.”
Left and Right Silver Gate
The left silver platform door is located in the east of the Purple Hall, and the right silver platform door is located in the west of the Purple Hall.
During the late Tang Dynasty, the emperor mainly lived in the western bedroom of the Daming Palace. The Ministry of Internal Affairs, Shaoyang Academy, Hanlin Academy, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs were all concentrated in the right Yintai Gate area. Outside the Right Yintai Gate, it led southward to the Xing 'an Gate on the northern wall of Chang' an City. From this gate, one could enter Chang 'an City, the Imperial City, and the Inner Palace. It was convenient to travel. Therefore, the Right Yintai Gate on the west side of the Daming Palace became the main palace gate to enter and exit the Daming Palace.
Hanlin Sect
In the Tang Dynasty, the Hanlin Academy and the scholars went to work every day. They first entered the Daming Palace from the right Yintai Gate, then went out from the Hanlin Gate in the west palace wall, and entered the Hanlin Academy and the Scholar Academy in the west city. The fourth chapter of Yong Lu says: "The Academy of Scholars is in the palace, and there is no reason to enter unless the minister calls for it. Therefore, the compound door is set up in the courtyard to pass through the palace."”
the nine Immortals gate
It is located on the north side of the right silver platform gate. Outside the Gate of the Nine Immortals was the encampment of the right three armies (the Right God's Will Army, the Right Dragon Martial Army, and the Right Yulin Royal Army) in the northern part of the West Border City. This gate was only the gate that led to the palace from the encampment of the right three armies. In the 15th year of Yuanhe (820), shortly after Mu Zong ascended the throne, he went to the Right Army many times and boarded the Nine Immortals Gate Tower to observe the corner and miscellaneous plays.
Xuanhua gate
It was opened in the northern section of the east wall of the Great Ming Palace to communicate with the Left Army stationed in the east of the city. The Xuanhua Gate on the east wall and the Nine Immortals Gate on the west wall had the same function and were symmetrical in shape.
Taihe gate
Chang 'an Annals recorded that the Left Shence Army, the Left Longwu Army, the Left Yulin Army and other "Left Three Armies" were "north of Taihe Gate". The so-called Gate of Supreme Harmony, as the name suggested, was related to the Hall of Supreme Harmony.
xuanwumen
"Old Tang Book·Xuanzong Biography" records: When Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty appointed Empress Wei, he personally experienced the use of troops at Xuanwu Gate of Daming Palace. The Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty recorded that the north was called the Xuanwu Gate, the left was called the Yinhan Gate, and the right was called the Qingxiao Gate. It is located slightly west of the palace wall in the north of the city.
Inner Door
On the inner (south) side of the Xuanwu Gate was a three-room, one-door "house door" that was convenient for carriages to pass through.
Zhongxuan Gate
In the middle of the north wall of Jiacheng City, facing Xuanwu Gate.
Three Dynasties Hall
hanyuan Hall
Hanyuan Hall was the main hall of the Great Ming Palace. It was located north of the Red Phoenix Gate and south of the Dragon Head Plain. It was the place where major celebrations and court meetings were held, also known as the " Outer Court." The main hall was eleven rooms wide, thirteen rooms with the addition of the secondary steps, four rooms deep, and six rooms with the addition of the secondary steps.
In the southeast and southwest of the main hall, there were three pavilions, the Que Xiangluan Pavilion and the Perching Phoenix Pavilion, respectively. They were connected to the main hall by curved verandas, and the whole group of buildings was in the shape of a concave. In front of the main hall was a dragon tail path with stairs and slopes, and the surface was paved with tiles. There was another palace gate in front of Longwei Road, and there were walls on both sides that ran from east to west.
The construction of Hanyuan Palace made full use of the high ground of Longshou Plain. It was majestic and had a wide view, overlooking the entire Chang 'an City." The Nine Heavens opened the palace, and the clothes of all countries bowed to the crown." This described its majestic aura at that time.
Hanyuan Hall was mainly a place for holding court ceremonies. In the third year of Longshuo, Emperor Gaozong of Tang began to listen to government affairs in Daming Palace, and Hanyuan Hall replaced the position of Chengtian Gate in Taiji Palace.
Whether it was the grand court ceremony, the emperor's honorific title, or the change of year title, they were all ceremonial functions of Hanyuan Hall. Apart from being used as a ceremonial object, Hanyuan Palace was rarely used. Only banquets and banquets were recorded in historical materials.
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty often held banquets for his ministers in Hanyuan Hall. The most famous one was," Banquet for the elders of the capital in Hanyuan Hall. Give them a few sticks and a staff for those over ninety years old and a dove stick for those over eighty years old." Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty also tried for candidates in Hanyuan Hall four times in the eighth and ninth years of Kaiyuan, the first year of Tianbao and the third year of Tianbao.
xuanzheng Hall
To the north of Hanyuan Hall was Xuanzheng Hall, the place where the emperor attended court and was known as the " Central Court ".
On the left and right sides of the Xuanzheng Hall were the Ministry of Central Affairs, the Ministry of Menxia, the Hongwen Hall, the History Hall, the Yushitai Hall and other official offices. In front of the hall, there were three Xuanzheng Gates.
As the main hall of the Chang Dynasty, the Political Announcement Hall was the core of the three main halls of the Imperial Court on the central axis of the Great Ming Palace. Many major historical events and edicts affecting the course of history were planned and issued from here.
zichen Hall
The Zichen Hall was located north of the Xuanzheng Hall. It was the inner court of the three-court system. It was the place where the officials usually attended court and handled affairs. It was where the officials met the emperor and was called the " entering the cabinet." According to the ancient system, the Xuanzheng Hall was the place where the first and fifteenth days were held. The emperor should have discussed matters in the Xuanzheng Hall. However, because " Xuanzong began to offer food in the mausoleum on the first and fifteenth days and did not attend to government affairs, it became a routine after that ", the original practice of holding court on the first and fifteenth days was not seriously implemented.
Instead, they would listen to the government affairs in the Zichen Hall."All officials who are attending the court (Xuanzheng Hall) will follow you into the Zichen Hall to see you." That meant that the Emperor would listen to the government affairs in the Zichen Hall, while the officials would wait outside the Xuanzheng Hall for orders and summons.
To the east of the Zichen Hall were the Bathing Hall and the greenhouse Hall, and to the west were the Yanying Hall and the Hanxiang Hall. The east and west were side by side and were the places where the emperor lived. There was a horizontal street to the north of Zichen Hall, and the north of the street was the bedroom area where the empresses and concubines lived.
The Zichen Hall was the third hall. It was the main hall of the Great Ming Palace's inner yamen. Most of the Emperor's daily meetings were held in this hall, so it was also called the Emperor's Side Hall.
Parting Hall Pavilion
The northern part of the Great Ming Palace was a garden area, with a sparse layout of buildings and various forms. To the north of Zichen Hall is Taiye Pool, also known as Penglai Pool. There is a mound in the east of the pool, called Penglai Mountain. There was a corridor along the shore of the pool, and there were many pavilions and halls nearby.
yanying Hall
In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the functions of the main palaces of the Daming Palace changed with the development of the political situation. The main halls of the three dynasties gradually changed from a substantial court hall to a ceremonial one. The real state affairs were held in Yanying Hall, which was close to the emperor's bedroom. Yanying Hall is located in the west of the upper gate of the main bedroom Zichen Hall. The two are close to each other and convenient to contact. Ever since Suzong, Yanying Hall had almost become the center of the imperial court.
Linde Hall
Linde Hall was the largest hall in the Daming Palace, and it was also the most complex building complex in the Tang Dynasty. It was built during the reign of Emperor Gaozong Linde and was a place for the emperor to hold banquets, receive guests, and entertain himself. The Tang emperors often held palace banquets, watched music and dance performances, and met with envoys here. The Tang Emperor had once entertained more than 3,500 soldiers of the Shence Army here. At that time, the officials of the Tang Dynasty were proud to attend the banquet in Linde Hall.
It is recorded in the history that when the banquet was held in Linde Hall, 3,000 people could sit in front of the hall and under the porch, perform all kinds of plays, and play polo in front of the hall.
Linde Hall was located on a high ground on the north slope of Longshou Plain in the west of the right Yintai Gate of Daming Palace. It overlooked the beautiful scenery of Taiye Pool, Penglai Mountain and the surrounding halls, pavilions and corridors.
Lin De Hall was a rather important large palace in the Great Ming Palace. It had a certain degree of inner court nature. It was second only to the central axis of the Great Dynasty, Hanyuan Hall, Chang Dynasty, Xuanzheng Hall, and Zichen Hall. However, its main function was to hold banquets.
Qingsi Hall
The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty records: "Jingzong's appearance was desolate. The new hall of Qingsi Courtyard was built in the palace. Three thousand bronze mirrors and 100,000 pieces of yellow and white gold were used." The Hall of Clear Thoughts was a side hall for leisure and entertainment in the Great Ming Palace. It was so large that one could even play polo in the Hall of Clear Thoughts.
Taihe Palace
It was located in the northeast of Qingsi Courtyard, near the high ground of the palace wall north of Zuoyintai Gate. It was a side hall that the late Tang emperor liked.
Penglai Hall and Hanliang Hall
"Chang 'an Annals" records: "In the second year of Longshuo, Hanyuan Hall of Penglai Palace was built, and Xuanzheng Hall, Zichen Hall and Penglai Hall were built." Penglai Hall was located behind Zichen Hall and was a side hall of the bedroom. Hanliang Hall is behind Penglai Hall, beside Taiye Pool.
Qinghui Pavilion
It is located in the west of Penglai Hall, and Zhongzong has visited this hall many times to give banquets to close ministers.
Golden Hall (Golden Court)
It was located north of Yanying Hall, on the southwest bank of the Great Liquid Pool, on the Golden Mountain Slope. The terrain was high and the view was wide. One could look north at the Taiye Pool. It was one of the gardens and sleeping halls that the emperor liked to live in.
Bathing Hall
It was located in the northwest of the Zichen Hall, south of the Throne Room. It was the concentration area of the sleeping halls where the late Tang emperors lived and lived, and it was close to the province of internal attendants.
Political and Political Palace
The late Tang Emperor had fallen into the political scene. Not only did he rarely attend court sessions in the Xuanzheng Hall of the Chang Dynasty, but he also rarely attended court sessions in the Zichen Hall of the main bedroom. This was why he often attended court sessions in the side hall. The Political and Political Hall was a common place.
sanqing Hall
The rulers of the Tang Dynasty advocated Taoism and recognized Lao Tzu as their ancestor. Therefore, there were Taoist buildings such as Sanqing Hall, Great Horn Temple, and Xuanyuan Emperor Temple in the Daming Palace. The Hall of Three Pristines was located in the northeast corner of the palace city. The platform was a pavilion-style building. It was the palace where the emperor discussed cultivation, alchemy, and medicine.
Taoism had a special and deep relationship with the Li Tang Dynasty. One of the important reasons was that the traditional power of the aristocratic families in the early Tang Dynasty was still very strong. If they were not from a famous family, it would be difficult to obtain social respect.
In order to improve his family background, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty made use of the coincidence that Li Dan, the founder of Taoism, had the surname Li and that the royal family also had the surname Li to attach himself to the fact that he was the descendant of Li Dan, the Taishang Laojun, and that he was the descendant of the immortals. Taoism thus became an important religion of the Li Tang Dynasty, and the Hall of Three Pristines became the most important Taoist building in the Daming Palace.
There were many Taoist buildings and buildings with Taoist colors in the Daming Palace. There were at least a dozen temples, Taoist temples, and Taoist sites that worshipped Taoist immortals. There were countless buildings named after Taoist terms. This was a sign that Taoism flourished in the court of the Tang Dynasty. In the Li Tang Dynasty, the descendants of Lao Tzu were considered to be the descendants of Taoism. The sacrificial activities of Taoism even surpassed that of worshipping ancestors, heaven, earth, society, and grain.
The level and specifications of the Taoist buildings were extremely high, and the interior decoration was also extremely luxurious. For example, the Hall of Three Pristines was the tallest building in the Great Ming Palace. Only the three halls of the previous dynasty on Longshou Mountain could compare to it. The architectural materials and decorative components unearthed were so gorgeous that they were considered by archaeologists to be "unique".
However, these temples were mainly located at the northern and eastern edge of the back court of the Daming Palace. Although they were of a high level, they still formed an obvious relationship with the main buildings led by the three halls of the former dynasty. This showed the power of the imperial power of the Tang Dynasty and its absolute dominance over religious culture.
xuanhe Hall
The Book of the Old Tang recorded: "The Grand Banquet was held in Xuanhe Hall, and all kinds of plays were played."
Zhonghe temple
In the first month of the 15th year of Yuanhe, Xianzong died in Zhonghe Hall. It was known that it was a temporary hall where the emperor slept and was also a place where the emperor played chess.
In addition, in the back of the Great Ming Palace, there were also buildings such as the greenhouse hall, Xuanhui hall, Lingqi hall, Zhujing hall, Mingyi hall, Huanzhou hall, Chenghuan hall, Chang 'an hall, Shicui hall, Dafu hall, Chengxiang hall, Hanbing hall, Zilan hall, Xiantai hall, Xuanwu hall, Baichi building, and so on.
Among them, Mingyi, Chenghuan, Chang 'an, Xianju and other halls were all in the west of Guangshun Gate, which were the sleeping halls of the empresses and concubines. This was the reason why the Mingfu Yard, the place where the foreign Mingfu waited for the Empress to appear in court, was located outside the Guangshun Gate. [88]
Yamen Office in the Palace
the Chamberlain province
As an organization of eunuchs, the Ministry of Internal Attendants became a special government office in the palace as the status of eunuchs rose. After Xuanzong, the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Daming Palace was set up near the emperor's bedroom, which constituted a great threat to the emperor.
Mingfuyuan
It was also known as the "Ming Fu Chao Tang", and was the place where the Ming Fu entered the palace to wait for an audience with the Empress. The Mingyi Hall, Chenghuan Hall, Chang 'an Hall, Xianju Hall, etc. inside Guangshun Gate were the sleeping halls of the Empress and concubines. The Mingfu Yard was located outside Guangshun Gate.
Privy Council
In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the eunuchs 'involvement in politics increased sharply, and their power expanded. The Privy Council was the office of the eunuchs. In the late Tang Dynasty, the highest ranking officer of the Privy Council, the Privy Envoy, was even able to listen to the political affairs in Yanying Hall and further participate in the discussion.
The Imperial Academy and the Academy
At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the Imperial Academy was set up as an internal court worship institution. Those who were good at art and technology were called into the Imperial Academy to serve as worshippers, not for literary attendants. To Xuanzong, set up Hanlin to wait for the imperial edict worship, and Jixian Yuan scholar respectively in charge of the imperial edict, only began to become important.
Emperor Xuanzong also set up a bachelor's college, and the post of Hanlin, so there was a "Hanlin scholar" said. Hanlin scholar waiting for the imperial court, specialized in making imperial edict, even Senate secrets. After the Tang Dynasty, it became a high position for literary and Confucian officials.
Shaoyang Academy and Eastern Hanlin Academy
The Crown Prince's residence was called the Shaoyang Courtyard, located west of the throne room and north of the Imperial Academy.
Ye Ting Palace and Neishi Province
"Old Tang Book·Volume 14" records: "600 female musicians from Ye Ting Jiao Fang went to Jiuxian Gate and called their relatives back." The palace is located on the west side of the palace.
The palace is located in the southwest of the left treasury and on the west side of Yanying Hall.
The government office of the outer court
The Yamen Office of the Outer Court is located on the left and right sides of the Xuanzheng Hall. On the left side of the Hall of Political Decrees, from the middle to the east, they were: Menxia Province, Hongwen Hall, History Hall; On the right is the Ministry of Central Books, the north of the Ministry of Central Books is the Ministry of Dian, the west of the Ministry of Central Books is the Mingfu Hospital, and the north is the Prince Waiting for the Imperial Court.
Left and Right Jinwu Battleship Yard
The left and right Golden Guards were the imperial guards of the palace. They were responsible for the security of the palace city, supervising the entry and exit of officials, and inspecting the court clothes and appearance of officials entering the palace. They were also the guards of honor for the emperor, and they were also responsible for patrolling the streets during the curfew. The left and right Jinwu Battle Courtyard were located between the north-south road and the east and west corridor outside Zhaoxun Gate and Guangfan Gate.
Left Treasury and Right Treasury
The treasury was used to store the daily necessities of the royal family. The left treasury stored the valuable royal articles paid tribute from all over the country, and the right treasury stored the food paid tribute.
taiye pool
The Taiye Pool was first dug in the eighth year of Zhenguan and officially used in the second year of Longshuo. It was abandoned at the end of Tang Dynasty. Later, due to historical changes, it was silted up and buried into the ground. The Supreme Liquid Pool was located in the center of the inner court of Tang City. It was the most important pool garden of the Tang Empire.
The Great Ming Palace was divided into the front palace and the rear palace. The rear palace was arranged with the pool of aether as the center. It was the imperial garden scenic spot of the palace. The entire Supreme Liquid Pool had two parts, the East Pool and the West Pool. The West Pool was the main pool, and it was flat and had a very large area.
After visiting the Great Ming Palace, Teacher Li said,""This Great Ming Palace is even bigger than Weiyang Palace. It's really an eye-opener!”
"Yes, it's indeed very big. It's getting late. Let's go to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda and then go back!”Qiao Feng said.
"Yes, alright." Li Shishi said.
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