Jinzhou was located in the southwest of Liaoning Province, on the western corridor. When it came to Jinzhou, everyone knew that its geographical location was important. It was the transportation hub of western Liaoning and the throat of North China to Northeast China.
The western part of Liaoning Province mainly included Huludao, Jinzhou, Chaoyang, Fuxin, and other areas. It was a hilly area. Because it was located in the western part of Liaohe River, it was also called Liaoxi Region. It was connected to Qilaotu Mountain and Yanshan Mountain in North China in the south. It was the only place that connected North China and Northeast China. In the hills of western Liaoning, there were Daling River and Xihe River. The two rivers converged at Yi County, which could lead to Fuxin in the north, Chaoyang in the west, and Jinzhou in the south. It was a hub in the hinterland of the hills of western Liaoning. Jinzhou was an important town in the western corridor.
On August 9, 1945, the Soviets sent troops to the northeast. The Eighth Route Army and the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army cooperated with the Soviets to fight. The Anti-Japanese War won. The Party Central Committee sent troops to the northeast. On September 4, the Western Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the Jinzhou Garrison Command were established in Jinzhou. On November 26th, the Guomindang army occupied Jinzhou, making it the base for attacking the northeast. The provincial government of Liaoning was established in Jinzhou and moved to Shenyang on March 29, 1946. In order to strengthen the military struggle in western Liaoning, in early November 1945, the Jiliao military area established the Redong military sub-area in Lingyuan (later called the 18th military sub-area), and in February 1946, the Reliao military sub-area (later called the 21st military sub-area) was established in the area east of Daling River. Since the War of Liberation, western Liaoning had been one of the key areas that the two parties and two armies fought for in Northeast China.
In 1948, the enemy in the northeast suffered three consecutive attacks from the Northeast People's Liberation Army in May 1947, the summer offensive, the autumn offensive, and the winter offensive. 300,000 people were wiped out. At this time, there were still 14 armies, 44 divisions, and a total of 550,000 people, including local armed forces, compressed in Changchun, Shenyang, and Jinzhou, which were not connected to each other. People's hearts were unstable and supply was difficult. Among them, the traffic between Changchun and Shenyang and the pass was completely cut off. The supplies were all by air, and the material supply could not meet the needs at all. " The morale of the army and combat strength have not returned to normal, and the soldiers have no fighting spirit." They had to adopt the combat policy of " concentrating their forces and focusing on defense ". They stepped up the construction of fortifications in some cities along the Changchun, Shenyang, and Beining lines and continued to resist stubbornly. He wished that he could hang up a "no war card" like in the era of cold weapons. Correspondingly, the 1.03 million Northeast People's Liberation Army and local troops, which accounted for one-third of the total number of the Chinese army, occupied 97% of the territory of Northeast China and 86% of the population.
In the autumn of 1948, in the eyes of the government, the Northwest, Central Plains, East China, North China, and Northeast China were all in sight of a bumper harvest.
On May 20, 1947, the government sent a telegram to the supreme commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army:
You will march south with eight divisions, hoping to solve the problem of southern Manchuria in the summer and autumn. You will strive to attack Jeho and eastern Hopei in the winter and spring, annihilate the 13th and 92nd armies, mobilize the masses, and expand the army. The total population of this area is 15 million, which is indispensable for the future capture of Changchun, Beining, Chang, Shen, Ping, and Tianjin. There were three conditions that had to be prepared to fight for two routes and four cities: You have already established a strong base in Northern Manchuria, and you have fulfilled the first condition. Now that they were fighting against South Manchuria, it wouldn't be long before they could solve the second condition and establish a strong base in South Manchuria. The third step was to solve the problem of the base area in the Jiliao region.
On February 7, 1948, the government sent another telegram to the highest commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army. The small calligraphy was strong and powerful. There were two directions for the next battle. One was to attack the enemies of Fushun, Tieling, and Faku. Second, attack the enemy in Fuxin, Yi County, Jinxi, Xingcheng, Suizhong, Shanhaiguan, Changli, Luanxian and other places. As to which enemy to attack, it depends on the circumstances. I hope that you will be prepared to deal with the enemy's retreat from the northeast to northern China... For our military strategic interests, it is better to seal off the enemy forces in the northeast and wipe them out one by one.
Close the door and hit the dog. In just a few words, he made a wise decision that ordinary people could not imagine.
On September 7 of the same year, the Chinese government sent a clear message to the supreme commander of the Northeast People's Liberation Army: In order to annihilate these enemies (referring to the enemies at Jinzhou, Yuguan, and Tangshan-my note), you should now prepare to use your main forces on this line (referring to the Beining Line-my note), ignoring the enemy forces at Changchun and Shenyang, and prepare to annihilate the enemy forces that may be supported by Youchang and Shenjin during the attack on Jinzhou.
In the dozens of telegrams that followed, the police had always paid attention to Jin Yu Tang.
Taking down Jinzhou was related to the overall situation of the northeast. The foresight of the Tang army made the generals of both the Chinese and the Korean admire it.
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